NTP CHEMICAL REPOSITORY (RADIAN CORPORATION, AUGUST 29, 1991)
IDENTIFIERS
CATALOG ID NUMBER: 000883
CAS NUMBER: 79-06-1
BASE CHEMICAL NAME: ACRYLAMIDE
PRIMARY NAME: ACRYLAMIDE
CHEMICAL FORMULA: C3H5NO
STRUCTURAL FORMULA: CH2=CHCONH2
WLN: ZV1U1
SYNONYMS:
2-PROPENAMIDE
ACRYLIC AMIDE
ETHYLENECARBOXAMIDE
PROPENOIC ACID, AMIDE
PROPENAMIDE
ACRYLAMIDE MONOMER
RCRA WASTE NUMBER U007
UN 2074
VINYL AMIDE
PHYSICAL CHEMICAL DATA
PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION: LITERATURE: Colorless to white crystals
REPOSITORY: White crystalline solid
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 71.08
SPECIFIC GRAVITY: 1.122 @ 30/4 C [033,043,205]
DENSITY: 1.122 g/cm3 @ 30 C [900]
MP (DEG C): 84.5 C [033,051,205,421]
BP (DEG C): Decomposes >175 C [058]
SOLUBILITIES:
WATER : >=100 mg/mL @ 22 C (RAD)
DMSO : >=100 mg/mL @ 22 C (RAD)
95% ETHANOL : 5-10 mg/mL @ 22 C (RAD)
METHANOL : 155 g/100 mL @ 30 C [033,900]
ACETONE : 5-10 mg/mL @ 22 C (RAD)
TOLUENE : Not available
OTHER SOLVENTS:
Chloroform: 2.66 g/100 mL @ 30 C [033,205,900]
Ethyl acetate: 12.6 g/100 mL @ 30 C [033,900]
n-Heptane: 0.0068 g/100 mL @ 30 C [033,900]
Benzene: 0.346 g/100 mL @ 30 C [033,900]
Alcohol: 86 g/100 mL @ 30 C [205]
Ether: Very soluble [016,029,043,395]
Methylene chloride: Soluble [029]
VOLATILITY:
Vapor pressure: 0.007 mm Hg @ 25 C [051,058,395,900]
Vapor density : 2.45 [043,058,395]
FLAMMABILITY(FLASH POINT):
This chemical has a flash point of 84.4 C (184 F) [107]. It is
combustible. Fires involving this material can be controlled with a
dry chemical, carbon dioxide or Halon extinguisher. A water spray may
also be used [051,058].
UEL: Decomposes [107] LEL: Decomposes [107]
REACTIVITY:
This chemical is incompatible with acids, bases and oxidizing agents
[058,269]. It is also incompatible with reducing agents, vinyl polymerization
initiators, iron, copper, aluminum, brass and bronze [058].
STABILITY:
This chemical is sensitive to air, moisture and light [269]. It
polymerizes on melting or on exposure to ultraviolet light [033,058,346,
395]. Solutions of this chemical in water, DMSO, 95% ethanol or acetone
should be stable for 24 hours when protected from heat and light (RAD).
OTHER PHYSICAL DATA:
Boiling point: 125 C @ 25 mm Hg [033,062,275,395]
Boiling point: 103 C @ 5 mm Hg; 87 C @ 2 mm Hg [033,900]
Vapor pressure: 1.6 mm Hg @ 84.5 C [043,058,107]; 0.033 mm Hg @ 40 C [900]
Vapor pressure: 2 mm Hg @ 87 C; 10 mm Hg @ 117 C [055]
Vapor pressure: 0.07 mm Hg @ 50 C [051,900]; 25 mm Hg @ 125 C [051]
Heat of polymerization: 19.8 kcal/mole [900]
Odorless [058,062,395,900]
TOXICITY
NIOSH REGISTRY NUMBER: AS3325000
TOXICITY:
typ. dose mode specie amount units other
LD50 orl rat 124 mg/kg
LD50 skn rat 400 mg/kg
LD50 ipr rat 90 mg/kg
LD50 unr rat 208 mg/kg
LD50 orl mus 107 mg/kg
LD50 ipr mus 170 mg/kg
LD50 unr mus 156 mg/kg
LDLo orl rbt 126 mg/kg
LDLo skn rbt 1000 mg/kg
LD50 unr rbt 280 mg/kg
LDLo orl gpg 252 mg/kg
LD50 unr gpg 173 mg/kg
LD50 orl qal 186 mg/kg
LD50 orl mam 100 mg/kg
LDLo ivn mam 190 mg/kg
LD50 scu gpg 170 mg/kg
AQTX/TLM96: Not available
SAX TOXICITY EVALUATION:
THR: Poison by ingestion, skin contact, intravenous, intraperitoneal and
possibly other routes. An experimental carcinogen and neoplastigen.
Experimental reproductive effects. Mutagenic data. A skin and eye
irritant. Intoxication from it has caused a peripheral neuropathy,
erythema and peeling of the palms. In industry, intoxication is mainly
via dermal routes, next via inhalation and last via ingestion. Time of
onset varied from 1-24 months to 8 years. From animal experiments, it
seems to be a central nervous system toxin.
CARCINOGENICITY:
Tumorigenic Data:
TDLo: ipr-mus 24 mg/kg/8W-I
TDLo: orl-mus 300 mg/kg/2W-I
TD : ipr-mus 72 mg/kg/8W-I
TDLo: orl-rat 1456 mg/kg/2Y-C
TD : orl-rat 1456 mg/kg/2Y-C
Review: IARC Cancer Review: Animal Sufficient Evidence
IARC possible human carcinogen (Group 2B) [015,395,610]
Status: ACGIH suspected human carcinogen [015,415,421,610]
MUTATION DATA: See RTECS printout for most current data
test lowest dose | test lowest dose
----------- ----------------- | ----------- ------------------
sce-rat-orl 600 mg/kg/10D-C | cyt-mus-orl 500 ppm/2W-I
spm-mus-ipr 100 mg/kg |
TERATOGENICITY: See RTECS printout for most current data
Reproductive Effects Data:
TDLo: orl-rat 200 mg/kg (7-16D preg)
TDLo: orl-mus 571 mg/kg (16D male)
STANDARDS, REGULATIONS & RECOMMENDATIONS:
OSHA: Federal Register (1/19/89) and 29 CFR 1910.1000 Subpart Z
Transitional Limit: PEL-TWA 0.3 mg/m3 (skin) [015,327,545,610]
Final Limit: PEL-TWA 0.03 mg/m3 (skin) [015,545,610]
ACGIH: TLV-TWA 0.03 mg/m3 (skin) [015,415,421,610]
NIOSH Criteria Document: Recommended exposure limit to this compound-air:
TWA 0.3 mg/m3/10H [015]
NFPA Hazard Rating: Health (H): None
Flammability (F): None
Reactivity (R): None
OTHER TOXICITY DATA:
Skin and Eye Irritation Data:
skn-rbt 50 mg/3D MLD
skn-rbt 500 mg/24H MLD
eye-rbt 10 mg/30S rns MLD
eye-rbt 100 mg/24H MOD
Review: Toxicology Review-5
Standards and Regulations: DOT-IMO: Poison B; Label: St. Andrews Cross
Status: EPA TSCA Chemical Inventory, 1986
EPA Genetox Program 1988, Positive: Cytogenetics-male germ cell
EPA Genetox Program 1988, Negative: In vivo cytogenetics-nonhuman bone
marrow
EPA Genetox Program 1988, Inconclusive: In vivo SCE-nonhuman
EPA TSCA 8(a) Preliminary Assessment Information, Final Rule
EPA TSCA Section 8(e) Status Report 8EHQ-0783-0488
EPA TSCA Section 8(e) Status Report 8EHQ-0785-0560
EPA TSCA Test Submission (TSCATS) Data Base, January 1990
OSHA Analytical Method #21
OTHER DATA (Regulatory)
PROPER SHIPPING NAME (IATA): Acrylamide
UN/ID NUMBER: UN2074
HAZARD CLASS: 6.1 SUBSIDIARY RISK: None PACKING GROUP: III
LABELS REQUIRED: Keep away from food
PACKAGING: PASSENGER: PKG. INSTR.: 619, Y619 MAXIMUM QUANTITY: 100 kg, 10 kg
CARGO : PKG. INSTR.: 619 MAXIMUM QUANTITY: 200 kg
SPECIAL PROVISIONS: None
USES:
This compound is used as a polymer or copolymer in adhesives, sizing
agents, soil conditioning agents, plastics, flocculants, sewage and waste
treatment, chemical grouting, production of n-methylalacrylamide, permanent
press fabrics, crude oil production processes and processing of paper and
pulp, ore and concrete. It is also used in the synthesis of dyes.
COMMENTS: Not available
HANDLING PROCEDURES
ACUTE/CHRONIC HAZARDS:
This compound is harmful by ingestion and inhalation [058]. It is
an irritant [033,036,043,151]. It is a potent neurotoxin [099,346]. This
chemical can be absorbed through unbroken skin [033,043,099]. It can also
be absorbed through the mucous membranes, lungs and gastrointestinal tract
[099]. When heated to decomposition it emits acrid fumes and toxic fumes
of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides and ammonia [043,058,269].
MINIMUM PROTECTIVE CLOTHING:
If Tyvek-type disposable protective clothing is not worn during
handling of this chemical, wear disposable Tyvek-type sleeves taped to
your gloves.
RECOMMENDED GLOVE MATERIALS:
GlovES+ Expert System Glove Types For The Neat (Undiluted) Chemical:
This chemical has not been tested for permeation by Radian Corporation;
however, the GlovES+ expert system was used to extrapolate permeation test
information from compounds in the same chemical class. The GlovES+ system uses
permeation data from literature sources; therefore, extra safety margins should
be used with the estimated protection time(s). If this chemical makes direct
contact with your glove, or if a tear, puncture or hole develops, replace them
at once.
The GlovES+ expert system is a tool that can help people better manage
protection from chemicals, however this tool cannot replace sound judgment nor
make technical decisions. Our GlovES+ expert system is designed to offer
initial advice and assistance in glove selection while the final glove
selection should be made by knowledgeable individuals based on the specific
circumstances involved.
Glove Type Model Number Thickness Estimated Protection Time
PE/EVOH/PE Safety4 4H 0.07 mm 240 min
Butyl rubber North B-161 0.41 mm 480 min
Butyl rubber/Neoprene Comasec Dipes Butyl 0.60 mm 480 min
Natural rubber Best G5 NFW 0.15 mm 240 min
Permeation Test Results of Diluted Chemical in water (850 mg/mL):
The permeation test results for solutions of this chemical are
given below. The breakthrough times of the diluted chemical at the
given concentration are given for each glove type tested. The table
is a presentation of actual test results, not specific recommendations
or suggestions. Avoid glove types which exhibit breakthrough times of
less than the anticipated task time plus an adequate safety factor.
If this chemical makes direct contact with your glove, or if a tear,
puncture or hole develops, replace them at once.
Glove Type Model Number Thickness Breakthrough Time
Latex Ansell 9020-5 0.10 mm 210 min
PVC Edmont 34-100 0.18 mm 360 min
RECOMMENDED RESPIRATOR:
Where the neat test chemical is weighed and diluted, wear a NIOSH-
approved half face respirator equipped with a combination filter cartridge,
i.e. organic vapor/acid gas/HEPA (specific for organic vapors, HCl, acid
gas, SO2 and a high efficiency particulate filter).
OTHER:
Since this chemical is a known or suspected carcinogen you should contact
a physician for advice regarding the possible long term health effects and
potential recommendation for medical monitoring. Recommendations from the
physician will depend upon the specific compound, its chemical, physical and
toxicity properties, the exposure level, length of exposure, and the route
of exposure.
STORAGE PRECAUTIONS:
You should protect this chemical from exposure to light. Keep
the container tightly closed under an inert atmosphere, and store
under refrigerated temperatures.
SPILLS AND LEAKAGE:
If you spill this chemical you should dampen the solid spill material with
water and transfer the dampened material to a suitable container. Use
absorbent paper dampened with water to pick up any remaining material. Seal
your contaminated clothing and the absorbent paper in a vapor-tight plastic bag
for eventual disposal. Wash all contaminated surfaces with a soap and water
solution. Do not reenter the contaminated area until the Safety Officer (or
other responsible person) has verified that the area has been properly cleaned.
DISPOSAL AND WASTE TREATMENT: Not available
EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
SKIN CONTACT:
IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating
all contaminated clothing. Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly
with soap and water.
IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center even if no symptoms
(such as redness or irritation) develop.
IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital for treatment after
washing the affected areas.
INHALATION:
IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air.
IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a
hospital even if no symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath,
or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop.
Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown
atmosphere. Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA)
should be used; if not available, use a level of protection greater than or
equal to that advised under Respirator Recommendation.
EYE CONTACT:
First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush
victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while
simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center.
Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without
specific instructions from a physician.
IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if
no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.
INGESTION:
DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. If the victim is conscious and not convulsing,
give 1 or 2 glasses of water to dilute the chemical and IMMEDIATELY call a
hospital or poison control center. Be prepared to transport the victim to a
hospital if advised by a physician.
If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth,
ensure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with
the head lower than the body. DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. IMMEDIATELY transport
the victim to a hospital.
SYMPTOMS:
Symptoms of exposure to this compound may include numbness, tingling
sensation, touch tenderness, peeling of the palms, coldness of extremities,
excessive sweating and bluish-red skin [043,151]. Irritation of the skin
and eyes may occur [043,058]. Peripheral neuropathy may also occur [099].
Other symptoms may include erythema, central-peripheral distal axonopathies,
skin changes, mental confusion and other psychological changes, skin ulcera-
tions, dermatitis, gastrointestinal problems, weight loss, inability to
stand, collapse, difficulty in swallowing, body tremors and hallucinations
[900]. It can cause fatigue, central nervous system damage, drowsiness and
slurred speech [058,900]. It can also cause ataxia, weak or absent reflexes
and positive Romberg's sign [346]. Central nervous system paralysis has
been reported [033]. Limb weakness has also been reported [043]. Exposure
may cause peripheral nervous system damage, weakness, stumbling, shaking and
redness of the skin [058]. It may also cause loss of vibration and position
senses [058,346]. Midbrain disturbances have occurred [099].
Prolonged or repeated exposure can cause muscular weakness, excessive
sweating of the hands and feet, cold hands, peeling of the skin and numbness
[058,900]. It can also cause incoordination, skin rashes, abnormal skin or
muscle sensations and central nervous system depression [058].
Persons with pre-existing skin disorders, eye problems or central or
peripheral nervous system conditions may be more susceptible to the effects
of this substance [058].
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