NTP CHEMICAL REPOSITORY (RADIAN CORPORATION, AUGUST 29, 1991)
IDENTIFIERS
CATALOG ID NUMBER: 002345
CAS NUMBER: 7647-01-0
BASE CHEMICAL NAME: HYDROGENCHLORIDE
PRIMARY NAME: HYDROGEN CHLORIDE
CHEMICAL FORMULA: HCl
STRUCTURAL FORMULA: HCl
WLN: H G
SYNONYMS:
HYDROCHLORIC ACID
CHLOROHYDRIC ACID
HYDROCHLORIDE
HYDROCHLORIC ACID GAS
ANHYDROUS HYDROCHLORIC ACID
MURIATIC ACID
NA 1789
SPIRITS OF SALT
UN 1050
UN 1789
UN 2186
PHYSICAL CHEMICAL DATA
PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION: LITERATURE: Colorless gas
REPOSITORY: Gas
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 36.46
SPECIFIC GRAVITY: 1.5 [058]
DENSITY: 1.639 g/L @ 0 C [033,051]
MP (DEG C): -114 C [102,275]
BP (DEG C): -85 C [033,036,135,371]
SOLUBILITIES:
WATER : 82.3 g/100 g @ 0 C [033]
DMSO : Not available
95% ETHANOL : 45.4 g/100 g @ 0 C [033]
METHANOL : 54.6 g/100 g @ -10 C [033]
ACETONE : Not available
TOLUENE : Not available
OTHER SOLVENTS:
Water: 67.3 g/100 g @ 30 C; 63.3 g/100 g @ 40 C; 59.6 g/100 g @ 50 C [033]
Ethanol: 42.7 g/100 g @ 10 C; 41.0 g/100 g @ 20 C; 38.1 g/100 g @ 30 C [033]
Methanol: 51.3 g/100 g @ 0 C; 47.0 g/100 g @ 20 C; 43.0 g/100 g @ 30 C [033]
Alcohol: Soluble [062,135,137,430]
Benzene: Soluble [016]
Ether: 37.52 g/100 g @ -10 C; 35.6 g/100 g @ 0 C; 24.9 g/100 g @ 20 C [033]
VOLATILITY:
Vapor pressure: 32452 mm Hg @ 21.1 C [135,137]; 760 mm Hg @ -84.8 C [038]
Vapor density : 1.3 [058,371]
FLAMMABILITY(FLASH POINT):
Literature sources indicate that this chemical is nonflammable [033,043,
275,371]. Fires involving this material can be controlled with a dry chemical,
carbon dioxide or Halon extinguisher.
UEL: Not available LEL: Not available
REACTIVITY:
This chemical reacts explosively with (alcohols + hydrogen cyanide),
potassium permanganate, sodium (with aqueous compound) and tetraselenium
tetranitride. Ignition occurs on contact with aluminum-titanium alloys,
fluorine, hexalithium disilicide and metal acetylides or carbides (e.g.
cesium acetylide, rubidium acetylide and uranium dicarbide). It reacts
violently with 1,1-difluoroethylene, aluminum, dinitroanilines and sulfuric
acid. Absorption onto silicon dioxide is exothermic [043,066]. It also
reacts with chlorine [043]. Moderate reactions occur with water [036,371,
421]. It also reacts with calcium carbide (with incandescence). It ignites
on contact with cesium carbide or rubidium chloride. It decomposes Dowicil
100 (1-(3-Chloroallyl)-3,5,7-triazo-1-azoniaadamantane chloride). It produces
a spontaneously flammable gas with magnesium boride. Absorption onto mercuric
sulfate becomes violent at 125 C [451]. This chemical is incompatible with
bases, amines, alkali metals, copper and copper alloys. It corrodes steel
[269]. It is also highly corrosive to most metals [102,346,371]. This com-
pound will attack some forms of plastics, rubber and coatings [102].
STABILITY:
This chemical rapidly absorbs moisture [371].
OTHER PHYSICAL DATA:
Density: 1.526 g/L @ 20 C [205]
Boiling point: -154.37 C @ 1.0 mm Hg [033,043]; -137.77 C @ 10 mm Hg [033,371]
Boiling point: -114.61 C @ 100 mm Hg [033]
Vapor pressure: 1 mm Hg @ -150.8 C; 5 mm Hg @ -140.7 C [038]
Vapor pressure: 10 mm Hg @ -135.6 C; 20 mm Hg @ -130.0 C [038]
Vapor pressure: 40 mm Hg @ -123.8 C; 60 mm Hg @ -119.6 C [038]
Vapor pressure: 100 mm Hg @ -114.0 C; 200 mm Hg @ -105.2 C [038]
Fumes in moist air [036,135,137]
Critical temperature: 51.4 C [033,135,137,371]
Critical pressure: 81.6 atmospheres [033,371]
Critical density: 0.42 g/mL [033]
Heat capacity at constant volume: 0.1939 cal/g/C @ 15 C [033]
Heat capacity at constant pressure: 0.1375 cal/g/C @ 15 C [033]
Heat of formation of gas: -22.063 kcal/mole @ 25 C [033]
Dielectric constant (gas @ 0 C): 1.0046 [033]
Dipole moment: 1.07 [033]
Forms a constant boiling mixture with water: 20.22 g/100 g solution [033]
pH: <1.0 (in aqueous solution) [058]
Latent heat of vaporization: 103 cal/g [371]
Heat of solution: -491 cal/g [371]
Heat of fusion: 13 cal/g [371]
Critical volume: 2.389 dm3/kg [135,137]
Pungent, suffocating odor [036,135,137,421]
Refractive index: 1.000415 @ 20 C; 1.000408 @ 25 C [137]
TOXICITY
NIOSH REGISTRY NUMBER: MW4025000
TOXICITY:
typ. dose mode specie amount units other
LCLo ihl hmn 1300 ppm/30M
LCLo ihl hmn 3000 ppm/5M
LDLo unr man 81 mg/kg
LC50 ihl rat 3124 ppm/1H
LC50 ihl mus 1108 ppm/1H
LD50 ipr mus 1449 mg/kg
LD50 orl rbt 900 mg/kg
LCLo ihl rbt 4416 ppm/30M
LCLo ihl gpg 4416 ppm/30M
LCLo ihl mam 1000 mg/m3/2H
AQTX/TLM96: Not available
SAX TOXICITY EVALUATION:
THR: A highly corrosive irritant to the eyes, skin and mucous membranes.
Mildly toxic by inhalation.
CARCINOGENICITY: Not available
MUTATION DATA: See RTECS printout for most current data
test lowest dose | test lowest dose
----------- ----------------- | ----------- -----------------
dnr-esc 25 ug/well | sln-dmg-ihl 100 ppm/24H
sln-dmd-orl 100 ppm | cyt-grh-par 20 mg
cyt-ham:lng 30 mmol/L |
TERATOGENICITY: See RTECS printout for most current data
Reproductive Effects Data:
TCLo: ihl-rat 450 mg/m3/1H (1D pre)
STANDARDS, REGULATIONS & RECOMMENDATIONS:
OSHA: Federal Register (1/19/89) and 29 CFR 1910.1000 Subpart Z
Transitional and Final Limits: PEL-Ceiling Limit 5 ppm [015,327,545,610]
ACGIH: TLV-Ceiling Limit 5 ppm [015,415,421,610]
NIOSH Criteria Document: None
NFPA Hazard Rating: Health (H): 3
Flammability (F): 0
Reactivity (R): 0
H3: Materials extremely hazardous to health but areas may be entered
with extreme care (see NFPA for details).
F0: Materials that will not burn (see NFPA for details).
R0: Materials which are normally stable even under fire exposure conditions
and which are not reactive with water (see NFPA for details).
OTHER TOXICITY DATA:
Skin and Eye Irritation Data:
eye-rbt 5 mg/30S rinse MLD
Review: Toxicology Review-3
Standards and Regulations: DOT-Hazard: Nonflammable gas; Label: Nonflammable
gas
DOT-Hazard: Corrosive material; Label: Corrosive
DOT-IMO: Flammable gas; Label: Nonflammable gas,
Corrosive
EPA Fifra 1988 Pesticide Subject to Registration or
Re-registration
Status: EPA Genetox Program 1988, Negative: Cell transform.-SA7/SHE
EPA TSCA Chemical Inventory, 1989
EPA TSCA Section 8(e) Status Report 8EHQ-0578-0146
EPA TSCA Test Submission (TSCATS) Data Base, April 1990
NIOSH Analytical Methods: see Acids, Inorganic, 7903
IDLH value: 100 ppm [346,371]
OTHER DATA (Regulatory)
PROPER SHIPPING NAME (IATA): Hydrogen chloride, anhydrous
UN/ID NUMBER: UN1050
HAZARD CLASS: 2 SUBSIDIARY RISK: 8 PACKING GROUP:
LABELS REQUIRED:
PACKAGING: PASSENGER: PKG. INSTR.: Forbidden MAXIMUM QUANTITY: Forbidden
CARGO : PKG. INSTR.: Forbidden MAXIMUM QUANTITY: Forbidden
SPECIAL PROVISIONS:
USES:
This compound is used in the manufacture of pharmaceutical hydrochlorides,
vinyl chloride from acetylene, alkyl chlorides from olefins, and arsenious
chloride from arsenious oxide. It is also used in the chlorination of rubber,
as a gaseous flux for babbitting operations, and in organic reactions involving
isomerization, polymerization, alkylation and nitration. It is used in the
manufacture of chlorine.
COMMENTS: Not available
HANDLING PROCEDURES
ACUTE/CHRONIC HAZARDS:
This compound is toxic by inhalation [062,371]. It is a highly corrosive
irritant of the skin, eyes and mucous membranes [033,043,269,346]. When heated
to decomposition it emits highly toxic fumes of hydrogen chloride gas [269].
MINIMUM PROTECTIVE CLOTHING:
If Tyvek protective clothing is not worn during the handling of this
chemical, wear disposable Tyvek sleeves taped to your gloves.
RECOMMENDED GLOVE MATERIALS:
GlovES+ Expert System Glove Types For The Neat (Undiluted) Chemical:
This chemical has not been tested for permeation by Radian Corporation;
however, the GlovES+ expert system was used to extrapolate permeation test
information from compounds in the same chemical class. The GlovES+ system uses
permeation data from literature sources; therefore, extra safety margins should
be used with the estimated protection time(s). If this chemical makes direct
contact with your glove, or if a tear, puncture or hole develops, replace them
at once.
The GlovES+ expert system is a tool that can help people better manage
protection from chemicals, however this tool cannot replace sound judgment nor
make technical decisions. Our GlovES+ expert system is designed to offer
initial advice and assistance in glove selection while the final glove
selection should be made by knowledgeable individuals based on the specific
circumstances involved.
Glove Type Model Number Thickness Estimated Protection Time
Neoprene Best 6780 0.46 mm 240 min
Nitrile Best 22R 0.41 mm 240 min
PE/EVAL/PE Safety4 4H 0.07 mm 240 min
RECOMMENDED RESPIRATOR:
When working with this chemical, wear a full face positive pressure
supplied-air respirator. If that is not available, wear a full face chemical
cartridge respirator equipped with a combination filter cartridge, i.e. organic
vapor/acid gas/HEPA, (specific for organic vapors, HCl, acid gas, SO2 and a
high efficiency particulate filter).
OTHER: Not available
STORAGE PRECAUTIONS:
You should store this material under ambient temperatures.
SPILLS AND LEAKAGE:
This chemical should be used in a fume hood. If a leak occurs,
the main valve of the gas cylinder should be turned off and all personnel
evacuated. Do not reenter the contaminated area until the Safety Officer
(or other responsible person) has verified that the area has been properly
ventilated.
DISPOSAL AND WASTE TREATMENT: Not available
EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
SKIN CONTACT:
CAUTION: Exposure of skin to compressed gases may result in freezing
of the skin. Treatment for frostbite may be necessary.
Remove the victim from the source of contamination. IMMEDIATELY wash
affected areas gently with COLD water (and soap, if necessary) while
removing and isolating all contaminated clothing. Dry carefully with clean,
soft towels.
If symptoms such as inflammation or irritation develop, IMMEDIATELY call
a physician or go to a hospital for treatment.
INHALATION:
IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air.
IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a
hospital even if no symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath,
or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop.
Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown
atmosphere. Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA)
should be used; if not available, use a level of protection greater than or
equal to that advised under Respirator Recommendation.
EYE CONTACT:
First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush
victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while
simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center.
Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without
specific instructions from a physician.
IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if
no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.
INGESTION:
DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. When a concentrated acid is ingested, it may
be dangerous to administer water or antacids due to the release of heat of
dilution or neutralization in the stomach. Therefore, if the victim is
conscious and not convulsing, give several glasses of ice water or cold water
to dilute the acid. IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center and
transport the victim to a hospital.
If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth,
assure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with
the head lower than the body. DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. IMMEDIATELY transport
the victim to a hospital.
SYMPTOMS:
Symptoms of exposure to this compound include corrosion and extreme
destruction of tissue of the mucous membranes and upper respiratory tract,
eyes and skin. Inhalation may be fatal as a result of spasm, inflammation
and edema of the larynx and bronchi, chemical pneumonitis and pulmonary
edema [269]. Concentrated solutions can cause severe burns of the skin
and eyes [033,036,269,430]. It may cause permanent visual damage, dermatitis
and photosensitization. Inhalation may cause cough, choking and inflammation
and ulceration of the respiratory tract [033,102]. Inhalation may also cause
necrosis of the tracheal and bronchial epithelium, atelectasis, emphysema and
damage to pulmonary blood vessels [430]. Ingestion of solutions may cause
corrosion of the mucous membranes, esophagus and stomach, dysphagia, nausea,
vomiting, intense thirst and diarrhea [033,151]. It may also cause epigastric
pain and gastric hemorrhage [151]. Circulatory collapse may occur [033,151].
Other symptoms include irritation and redness of the eyes, irritation of the
respiratory tract, total corneal opacification and opacities of the lens (rare)
[099]. Exposure may cause clammy skin, weak and rapid pulse, shallow respira-
tion, scanty urine and glottic edema [301]. Lung injury may occur [371].
Exposure may also cause erosion of teeth, and bleeding of the nose and gums
[430]. Severe breathing difficulties also occur [102].
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