NTP CHEMICAL REPOSITORY (RADIAN CORPORATION, AUGUST 29, 1991)
IDENTIFIERS
CATALOG ID NUMBER: 000298
CAS NUMBER: 75-34-3
BASE CHEMICAL NAME: DICHLOROETHANE,1,1-
PRIMARY NAME: 1,1-DICHLOROETHANE
CHEMICAL FORMULA: C2H4Cl2
STRUCTURAL FORMULA: Cl2CHCH3
WLN: GYG1
SYNONYMS:
CHLORINATED HYDROCHLORIC ETHER
DICHLOROETHANE, 1,1-
ETHYLIDENE CHLORIDE
ETHYLIDENE DICHLORIDE
1,1-DICHLORETHANE
NCI-C04535
RCRA WASTE NUMBER U076
PHYSICAL CHEMICAL DATA
PHYSICAL DESCRIPTIONS: LITERATURE: Clear, colorless, oily liquid
REPOSITORY: Clear colorless liquid
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 98.96
SPECIFIC GRAVITY: 1.1757 @ 20/4 C [017,031,047,205]
DENSITY: 1.256 g/cc @ 21 C (RAD)
MP (DEG C): -97 C [017,051,205,269]
BP (DEG C): 57.3 C [017,031,421,430]
SOLUBILITIES:
WATER : <1 mg/mL @ 20 C (RAD)
DMSO : >=100 mg/mL @ 20 C (RAD)
95% ETHANOL : >=100 mg/mL @ 20 C (RAD)
METHANOL : Not available
ACETONE : >=100 mg/mL @ 20 C (RAD)
TOLUENE : Not available
OTHER SOLVENTS:
Ether: Soluble [017,051,062,430]
Benzene: Soluble [017,421]
Alcohol: Soluble [017,051,062,071]
Most common solvents: Miscible [051,071]
Fixed and volatile oils: Soluble [062]
VOLATILITY:
Vapor pressure: 234 mm Hg @ 25 C [051,055]; 182 mm Hg @ 20 C [051,071,102]
Vapor density : 3.44 [051,071]
FLAMMABILITY(FLASH POINT):
The flash point of this chemical is -5 C (22 F) [205,269]. It is flam-
mable. Fires involving this material can be controlled with a dry chemical,
carbon dioxide or Halon extinguisher. A water spray may also be used [051,071,
371]. The autoignition temperature of this compound is 458 C (856 F) [051,071,
371].
UEL: 11.4% [043,071,371,430] LEL: 5.6% [043,071,371,430]
REACTIVITY:
This chemical can react vigorously with oxidizing materials [051,071,102,
346]. It is incompatible with strong bases [269]. Contact with strong
caustics will cause formation of flammable and toxic gas. It will attack some
forms of plastics, rubber and coatings [102].
STABILITY:
This compound is heat sensitive [051,071,102]. Solutions of this chemical
in water, DMSO, 95% ethanol or acetone should be stable for 24 hours under
normal lab conditions (RAD).
OTHER PHYSICAL DATA:
Refractive index: 1.4164 @ 20 C [017,047,205]
Saccharine taste [062]
Ethereal odor [062]
Saturation concentration: 986 g/cu m @ 20 C; 1,406 g/cu m @ 30 C [055]
Sinks and mixes with water [371]
Evaporation rate (butyl acetate = 1): 11.6 [102]
Critical temperature: 261.5 C [371]
Critical pressure: 734.8 psia [371]
Liquid surface tension: 24.75 dynes/cm [371]
Ratio of specific heat of vapor (gas): 1.136 @ 20 C [371]
Vapor (gas) specific gravity: 3.42 [371]
Latent heat of vaporization: 73.1 cal/g [371]
Heat of combustion: -2,652 cal/g [371]
Reid vapor pressure: 7.35 psia [371]
Percent in saturated air: 30.8 @ 25 C [430]
TOXICITY
NIOSH REGISTRY NUMBER: KI0175000
TOXICITY:
typ. dose mode specie amount units other
LD50 orl rat 725 mg/kg
LCLo ihl rat 16000 ppm/4H
AQTX/TLM96: Not available
SAX TOXICITY EVALUATION:
THR: Moderately toxic by ingestion. An experimental tumorigen and teratogen.
A suspected carcinogen.
CARCINOGENICITY:
Tumorigenic Data:
TDLo: orl-mus 185 gm/kg/78W-I
TD : orl-mus 1300 gm/kg/78W-I
Status: NCI Carcinogenesis Bioassay (Gavage); Negative: Male Rat and Male
Mouse [620]
NCI Carcinogenesis Bioassay (Gavage); Equivocal: Female Rat and
Female Mouse [620]
MUTATION DATA:
test lowest dose | test lowest dose
----------- ----------------- | ------------ -----------------
Not available |
TERATOGENICITY:
Reproductive Effects Data:
TCLo: ihl-rat 6000 ppm/7H (6-15D preg)
STANDARDS, REGULATIONS & RECOMMENDATIONS:
OSHA: Federal Register (1/19/89) and 29 CFR 1910.1000 Subpart Z
Transitional Limit: PEL-TWA 100 ppm [015,327,545,610]
Final Limit: PEL-TWA 100 ppm [015,545,610]
ACGIH: TLV-TWA 200 ppm; STEL 250 ppm [015,610]
NIOSH Criteria Document: Recommended exposure limit of this compound-air:
To be handled in the workplace with caution [610]
NFPA Hazard Rating: Health (H): 2
Flammability (F): 3
Reactivity (R): 0
H2: Materials hazardous to health, but areas may be entered freely with
full-faced mask self-contained breathing apparatus which provides
eye protection (see NFPA for details).
F3: Materials which can be ignited under almost all normal temperature
conditions (see NFPA for details).
R0: Materials which are normally stable even under fire exposure conditions
and which are not reactive with water (see NFPA for details).
OTHER TOXICITY DATA:
Review: Toxicology Review-2
Standards and Regulations: DOT-IMO: Flammable liquid; Label: Flammable liquid
Status: NIOSH Analytical Methods: see Hydrocarbons, Halogenated, 1003
NIOSH Current Intelligence Bulletin 27, 1978
EPA TSCA Chemical Inventory, 1986
EPA TSCA Test Submission (TSCATS) Data Base, January 1989
EPA TSCA Section 8(e) Status Report 8EHQ-0680-0345
EPA TSCA Section 8(e) Status Report 8EHQ-0979-0310
Meets criteria for proposed OSHA Medical Records Rule
IDLH: 4,000 ppm [346,371]
OTHER DATA (Regulatory)
PROPER SHIPPING NAME (IATA): 1,1-Dichloroethane
UN/ID NUMBER: UN2362
HAZARD CLASS: 3 SUBSIDIARY RISK: None PACKING GROUP: II
LABELS REQUIRED: Flammable liquid label
PACKAGING: PASSENGER: PKG. INSTR.: 305, Y305 MAXIMUM QUANTITY: 5 L, 1 L
CARGO : PKG. INSTR.: 307 MAXIMUM QUANTITY: 60 L
SPECIAL PROVISIONS: None
USES:
This compound is used in vinyl chloride manufacturing, chlorinated solvent
intermediate, coupling agent in antiknock gasoline, metal degreasing agent,
organic synthesis, ore flotation, manufacturing of H3CCCl3, chemical inter-
mediate, an industrial solvent, in fumigant formulations, extraction solvent,
as a dewaxer of mineral oils, extractant for heat-sensitive substances, manu-
facturing of high vacuum rubber and silicon grease and as a paint, varnish and
finish remover. It was formerly used as an anesthetic.
COMMENTS: Not available
HANDLING PROCEDURES
ACUTE/CHRONIC HAZARDS:
This compound may be harmful by inhalation, ingestion or skin absorption.
Vapor or mist is irritating to the eyes, mucous membranes, skin and upper
respiratory tract. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of carbon
monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrogen chloride gas and phosgene [269]. It is
narcotic in high concentrations [031,071,151]. It may also have anesthetic
effects at high concentrations [051,071,430]. It is a lacrimator [371].
MINIMUM PROTECTIVE CLOTHING: Not available
RECOMMENDED GLOVE MATERIALS:
Permeation Test Results For The Neat (Undiluted) Chemical:
The permeation test results for the neat (undiluted) chemical are given
below. The breakthrough times of this chemical are given for each glove type
tested. The table is a presentation of actual test results, not specific
recommendations or suggestions. Avoid glove types which exhibit breakthrough
times of less than the anticipated task time plus an adequate safety factor.
If this chemical makes direct contact with your glove, or if a tear, puncture
or hole develops, replace them at once.
Glove Type Model Number Thickness Breakthrough Time
Viton North F-091 0.30 mm 115 min
Butyl rubber North B-174 0.86 mm 75 min
PVA Edmont 25-545 0.74 mm 125 min
PVC Edmont 34-100 0.20 mm 1 min
RECOMMENDED RESPIRATOR:
When working with this chemical, wear a NIOSH-approved full face
chemical cartride respirator equipped with the appropriate organic vapor
cartridges. If that is not available, a half face respirator similarly
equipped plus airtight goggles can be substituted. However, please note
that half face respirators provide a substantially lower level of protection
than do full face respirators.
OTHER: Not available
STORAGE PRECAUTIONS:
You should store this chemical in an explosion-proof freezer, and keep
it away from all oxidizing materials. STORE AWAY FROM SOURCES OF IGNITION.
SPILLS AND LEAKAGE:
If you spill this chemical, FIRST REMOVE ALL SOURCES OF IGNITION. Then,
use absorbent paper to pick up all liquid spill material. Your contaminated
clothing and absorbent paper should be sealed in a vapor-tight plastic bag for
eventual disposal. Solvent wash all contaminated surfaces with 60-70% ethanol
followed by washing with a soap and water solution. Do not reenter the
contaminated area until the Safety Officer (or other responsible person) has
verified that the area has been properly cleaned.
DISPOSAL AND WASTE TREATMENT: Not available
EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
SKIN CONTACT:
IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating
all contaminated clothing. Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly
with soap and water.
If symptoms such as redness or irritation develop, IMMEDIATELY call a
physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital for treatment.
INHALATION:
IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air.
If symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, or burning in
the mouth, throat, or chest) develop, call a physician and be prepared to
transport the victim to a hospital.
Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown
atmosphere. Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA)
should be used; if not available, use a level of protection greater than or
equal to that advised under Respirator Recommendation.
EYE CONTACT:
First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush
victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while
simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center.
Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without
specific instructions from a physician.
IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if
no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.
INGESTION:
DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. Volatile chemicals have a high risk of being
aspirated into the victim's lungs during vomiting which increases the medical
problems.
If the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give 1 or 2 glasses of
water to dilute the chemical and IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control
center. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital.
If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth,
ensure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with
the head lower than the body. DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. IMMEDIATELY transport
the victim to a hospital.
SYMPTOMS:
Symptoms of exposure to this compound may include liver and kidney damage,
skin and eye irritation, dermatitis and skin burns [051,071]. It may cause
unconsciousness, central nervous system depression and drowsiness [346]. It
may also cause nausea, vomiting, faintness, irritation of the respiratory
tract, salivation, sneezing, coughing, dizziness, lacrimation, reddening of
the conjunctiva, cyanosis, circulatory failure and slight smarting of the eyes
and respiratory system [371]. It is narcotic in high concentrations [031,051,
071,151].
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