NTP CHEMICAL REPOSITORY (RADIAN CORPORATION, AUGUST 29, 1991)
IDENTIFIERS
CATALOG ID NUMBER: 000451
CAS NUMBER: 26628-22-8
BASE CHEMICAL NAME: SODIUMAZIDE
PRIMARY NAME: SODIUM AZIDE
CHEMICAL FORMULA: NaN3
STRUCTURAL FORMULA: NaN3
WLN: NA Z
SYNONYMS:
AZIDE
AZIUM
HYDRAZOIC ACID, SODIUM SALT
KAZOE
NSC 3072
SMITE
U-3886
NCI-C06462
RCRA WASTE NUMBER P105
UN 1687
PHYSICAL CHEMICAL DATA
PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION: LITERATURE: Colorless to white crystalline solid
REPOSITORY: White powder
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 65.01
SPECIFIC GRAVITY: 1.850 [058,275]
DENSITY: 1.846 g/mL @ 20 C [017,062,205,421]
MP (DEG C): 300 C (decomposes) [058,062,421]
BP (DEG C): Decomposes in vacuum [017,430]
SOLUBILITIES:
WATER : 50-100 mg/mL @ 22 C (RAD)
DMSO : 1-10 mg/mL @ 21 C (RAD)
95% ETHANOL : <1 mg/mL @ 21 C (RAD)
METHANOL : Not available
ACETONE : <1 mg/mL @ 17.5 C (RAD)
TOLUENE : Not available
OTHER SOLVENTS:
Liquid ammonia: Soluble [017,031,062,421]
Ether: Insoluble [017,031,043,421]
Alcohol: 0.3% @ 25 C [031]
VOLATILITY:
Vapor pressure: Not available
Vapor density : Not available
FLAMMABILITY(FLASH POINT):
Literature sources indicate that this compound is combustible [051,058,
062]. Fires involving this material can be controlled with a dry chemical,
carbon dioxide or Halon extinguisher. Water may also be used [058].
UEL: Not available LEL: Not available
REACTIVITY:
This chemical is liable to explode with bromine, carbon disulfide and
chromyl chloride [036,043,058,066]. It is incompatible with barium carbonate,
lead and copper [043,058,066]. It is also incompatible with silver and mercury
[371]. Violent reactions occur with benzoyl chloride + potassium hydroxide,
nitric acid, sulfuric acid, dimethyl sulfate and dibromomalononitrile [058].
Contact with acids liberates very toxic gases [036,043,066,371]. When water is
added to the strongly heated compound, a violent reaction occurs [036,058,066].
This chemical forms explosive compounds when it comes into contact with
phosgene, brass, zinc and trifluoroacrylol fluoride. Reactions involving
organic chlorides with this chemical are extremely dangerous. Addition of this
compound to a solution of 2,5-dinitro-3-methylbenzoic acid in 20% oleum @
5-10 C must be slow to avoid explosion. Raney nickel catalyzes the vigorous
decomposition of solutions [066]. It is incompatible with ammonium chloride +
trichloroacetonitrile, cyanuric chloride and trifluroracryloyl chloride [043].
This compound is also incompatible with solder [430].
STABILITY:
This chemical can decompose explosively above its melting point, par-
ticularly if heated rapidly [036,066]. It may pose a fire hazard or decompose
explosively with shock, concussion or friction [058]. It can hydrolyze [062].
Solutions of this chemical in water should be stable for 24 hours under normal
lab conditions (RAD). Aqueous solutions (1 mg/mL) are stable for 3 weeks in
the dark at room temperature. Solutions stored for 3 hours open to air and
light are also stable [052].
OTHER PHYSICAL DATA:
Odorless [371]
Neutral [430]
Lambda maximum (in methanol): 236 nm (shoulder); epsilon 394.0 [051]
TOXICITY
NIOSH REGISTRY NUMBER: VY8050000
TOXICITY:
typ. dose mode specie amount units other
TDLo orl hmn 710 ug/kg
LD50 orl rat 27 mg/kg
LDLo ipr rat 30 mg/kg
LDLo scu rat 35 mg/kg
LD50 orl mus 27 mg/kg
LD50 ipr mus 28 mg/kg
LD50 ivn mus 19 mg/kg
LDLo ivn mky 12 mg/kg
LD50 unr mus 27 mg/kg
LD50 skn rbt 20 mg/kg
LD50 orl bwd 23700 ug/kg
TDLo orl wmn 3 mg/kg
LDLo scu mus 17 mg/kg
LDLo scu rbt 17 mg/kg
LDLo orl man 143 mg/kg
AQTX/TLM96: Not available
SAX TOXICITY EVALUATION:
THR: Poison by ingestion, skin contact, intraperitoneal, intravenous,
subcutaneous and possibly other routes. An experimental tumorigen.
Human systemic effects by ingestion. Human mutagenic data. An unstable
explosive sensitive to impact.
CARCINOGENICITY:
Tumorigenic Data:
TDLo: orl-rat 2730 mg/kg/78W-C
TD : orl-rat 5460 mg/kg/78W-C
Status: NTP Carcinogenesis Studies; on test (two year studies), January 1988
MUTATION DATA:
test lowest dose | test lowest dose
----------- ----------------- | ----------- -----------------
mmo-sat 30 ng/plate | msc-rat:lvr 1 mmol/L
mma-sat 1 ug/plate | msc-mus:lym 500 mg/L/2H
mmo-esc 150 nmol/L | msc-ham:lng 1 mmol/L
mmo-omi 600 ppm | trn-oin-orl 100 mg/L
dlt-oin-orl 100 mg/L | dnr-esc 5 gm/L
dni-hmn:fbr 50 mg/L | mmo-eug 5 mg/L
mma-esc 33300 ng/plate |
TERATOGENICITY: Not available
STANDARDS, REGULATIONS & RECOMMENDATIONS:
OSHA: Federal Register (1/19/89)
Final Limit: Ceiling Limit 0.3 mg/m3 (skin) [610]
ACGIH: TLV-Ceiling Limit 0.11 ppm [610]
NIOSH Criteria Document: Not available
NFPA Hazard Rating: Health (H): None
Flammability (F): None
Reactivity (R): None
OTHER TOXICITY DATA:
Review: Toxicology Review
Standards and Regulations: DOT-Hazard: Poison B; Label: Poison
Status: EPA Genetox Program 1988, Inconclusive: Carcinogenicity-mouse/rat; TRP
reversion
EPA Genetox Program 1988, Positive: L5178Y cells in vitro-TK test
EPA Genetox Program 1988, Positive: D melanogaster Sex-linked lethal
EPA Genetox Program 1988, Positive: S cerevisiae gene conversion
EPA Genetox Program 1988, Positive: S cerevisiae-forward mutation;
S cerevisiae-reversion
EPA Genetox Program 1988, Negative: In vitro cytogenetics-human
lymphocyte
EPA Genetox Program 1988, Negative: Sperm morphology-mouse; In vitro
UDS-human fibroblast
EPA Genetox Program 1988, Negative: TRP reversion
EPA TSCA Chemical Inventory, 1986
EPA TSCA Section 8(e) Status Report 8EHQ-1083-0494
EPA TSCA Test Submission (TSCATS) Data Base, June 1988
NIOSH Current Intelligence Bulletin 13, 1976
Meets criteria for proposed OSHA Medical Records Rule
OTHER DATA (Regulatory)
PROPER SHIPPING NAME (IATA): Sodium azide
UN/ID NUMBER: UN1687
HAZARD CLASS: 6.1 SUBSIDIARY RISK: None PACKING GROUP: II
LABELS REQUIRED: Poison label
PACKAGING: PASSENGER: PKG. INSTR.: 613, Y613 MAXIMUM QUANTITY: 25 kg, 1 kg
CARGO : PKG. INSTR.: 615 MAXIMUM QUANTITY: 100 kg
SPECIAL PROVISIONS: None
USES:
This compound is used in the preparation of hydrazoic acid, lead azide
and pure sodium, as a propellant for inflating automotive safety bags, in weed
and fruit rot control, as an intermediate in explosives manufacture, as a pre-
servative in diagnostic medicines, in fungicides and herbicides, as a sensitive
probe for studies of the electrostatic interactions between charged sites in
myoglobin and in organic synthesis. It is also used in a wide variety of mili-
tary uses, as a nematocide, as a soil sterilizing agent, as a preservative for
seeds and wine, in the lumber industry to limit the growth of enzymes respon-
sible for the formation of brown stain on sugar pine, in the Japanese beer
industry to prevent the growth of a fungus which darkens its product, as a
retarder in the manufacture of sponge rubber, to prevent coagulation of styrene
and butadiene latexes and as a diluent in automatic blood-cell counters. It
may be used as a hypotensive agent, to decompose nitrites in the presence of
nitrates, as a reagent in the urinary azide-iodine test for carbon disulfide
exposure and in buffering solutions used to screen for the hepatitis antigen.
COMMENTS: Not available
HANDLING PROCEDURES
ACUTE/CHRONIC HAZARDS:
This chemical may be fatal by ingestion, inhalation or skin absorption.
It is an irritant of the skin, eyes, mucous membranes and upper respiratory
tract [058]. It is rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, skin and
respiratory tract [430]. It decomposes explosively above its melting point
[036,066]. Hazardous decomposition products include toxic fumes of nitrogen
oxides and Na2O [043]. Hydrazoic acid is evolved from solutions and when it is
heated to decomposition [058,371,421,430]. When heated to decomposition it
emits nitrogen gas [346].
MINIMUM PROTECTIVE CLOTHING:
If Tyvek-type disposable protective clothing is not worn during
handling of this chemical, wear disposable Tyvek-type sleeves taped to
your gloves.
RECOMMENDED GLOVE MATERIALS:
GlovES+ Expert System Glove Types For The Neat (Undiluted) Chemical:
This chemical has not been tested for permeation by Radian Corporation;
however, the GlovES+ expert system was used to extrapolate permeation test
information from compounds in the same chemical class. The GlovES+ system uses
permeation data from literature sources; therefore, extra safety margins should
be used with the estimated protection time(s). If this chemical makes direct
contact with your glove, or if a tear, puncture or hole develops, replace them
at once.
The GlovES+ expert system is a tool that can help people better manage
protection from chemicals, however this tool cannot replace sound judgment nor
make technical decisions. Our GlovES+ expert system is designed to offer
initial advice and assistance in glove selection while the final glove
selection should be made by knowledgeable individuals based on the specific
circumstances involved.
Glove Type Model Number Thickness Estimated Protection Time
Natural rubber Ackwell 5-109 0.18 mm 240 min
Neoprene Edmont 29-870 0.38 mm 240 min
Nitrile Edmont 49-125 0.23 mm 240 min
PVC Edmont 34-100 0.18 mm 240 min
RECOMMENDED RESPIRATOR:
Where the neat test chemical is weighed and diluted, wear a NIOSH-
approved half face respirator equipped with a combination filter cartridge,
i.e. organic vapor/acid gas/HEPA (specific for organic vapors, HCl, acid
gas, SO2 and a high efficiency particulate filter).
OTHER: Not available
STORAGE PRECAUTIONS:
You should store this material in an explosion-proof refrigerator.
STORE AWAY FROM SOURCES OF IGNITION.
SPILLS AND LEAKAGE:
If you spill this chemical, FIRST REMOVE ALL SOURCES OF IGNITION, then
you should dampen the solid spill material with water and transfer the
dampened material to a suitable container. Use absorbent paper dampened with
water to pick up any remaining material. Seal your contaminated clothing and
the absorbent paper in a vapor-tight plastic bag for eventual disposal. Wash
all contaminated surfaces with a soap and water solution. Do not reenter the
contaminated area until the Safety Officer (or other responsible person) has
verified that the area has been properly cleaned.
DISPOSAL AND WASTE TREATMENT: Not available
EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
SKIN CONTACT:
IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating
all contaminated clothing. Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly
with soap and water.
IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center even if no symptoms
(such as redness or irritation) develop.
IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital for treatment after
washing the affected areas.
INHALATION:
IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air.
IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a
hospital even if no symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath,
or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop.
Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown
atmosphere. Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA)
should be used; if not available, use a level of protection greater than or
equal to that advised under Respirator Recommendation.
EYE CONTACT:
First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush
victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while
simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center.
Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without
specific instructions from a physician.
IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if
no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.
INGESTION:
If the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give 1 or 2 glasses of
water to dilute the chemical and IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control
center.
Generally, the induction of vomiting is NOT recommended outside of a
physician's care due to the risk of aspirating the chemical into the victim's
lungs. However, if the victim is conscious and not convulsing and if medical
help is not readily available, consider the risk of inducing vomiting because
of the high toxicity of the chemical ingested. Ipecac syrup or salt water may
be used in such an emergency. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital.
If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth,
ensure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with
the head lower than the body. DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. IMMEDIATELY transport
the victim to a hospital.
SYMPTOMS:
Symptoms of exposure to this compound may include irritation of the
skin and eyes, fall in blood pressure, dizziness, blurred vision, fainting,
weakness and shortness of breath [058,371]. Other symptoms include rapid
heart beat, respiratory distress, throbbing at the base of the brain, heart
failure, respiratory arrest, vomiting and unconsciousness [346]. It may cause
nausea, diarrhea, headache and convulsions [058,151,346]. It may also cause
irritation of the mucous membranes, acidosis, tachycardia, tachypnea, transient
pounding sensation in the head, hypothermia, hypotension, restlessness, poly-
dipsia, ECG changes, leukocytosis, bronchitis, pulmonary edema, mild fatty
degeneration of the liver, collapse and death [151]. Other symptoms include
bradycardia, palpitation, mild nose irritation and nasal stuffiness [430].
Inhalation may lead to sore throat, coughing and irritation of the respiratory
tract. Ingestion may cause breathlessness, central nervous system damage,
abnormal breathing and reduced body pH. Redness and pain develop on contact
with the skin or eyes [058]. Blistering has been reported [036]. Other
symptoms include somnolence, kidney changes and general anesthesia [043]. It
may cause pallor [371].
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