NTP CHEMICAL REPOSITORY (RADIAN CORPORATION, AUGUST 29, 1991)
IDENTIFIERS
CATALOG ID NUMBER: 000084
CAS NUMBER: 110-86-1
BASE CHEMICAL NAME: PYRIDINE
PRIMARY NAME: PYRIDINE
CHEMICAL FORMULA: C5H5N
STRUCTURAL FORMULA: Not printable
WLN: T6NJ
SYNONYMS:
AZABENZENE
AZINE
NCI-C55301
RCRA WASTE NUMBER U196
UN 1282
PHYSICAL CHEMICAL DATA
PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION: LITERATURE: Clear, colorless to slightly yellow liquid
REPOSITORY: Clear colorless liquid
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 79.10
SPECIFIC GRAVITY: 0.9780 @ 25/4 C [025,031]
DENSITY: 0.9819 g/mL @ 20 C [017,047]
MP (DEG C): -42 C [017,055,058,275]
BP (DEG C): 115 C [036,055,275,346]
SOLUBILITIES:
WATER : >=100 mg/mL @ 21.5 C (RAD)
DMSO : >=100 mg/mL @ 21.5 C (RAD)
95% ETHANOL : >=100 mg/mL @ 21.5 C (RAD)
METHANOL : Not available
ACETONE : >=100 mg/mL @ 21.5 C (RAD)
TOLUENE : Not available
OTHER SOLVENTS:
Alcohol: Miscible [043]
Benzene: Soluble [017,062]
Ether: Miscible [025,031,205,430]
Ligroin: Miscible [025]
Petroleum ether: Miscible [031]
Chloroform: Soluble [430]
Oils: Miscible [031,421]
Many other organic liquids: Miscible [031,058,421]
VOLATILITY:
Vapor pressure: 18 mm Hg @ 20 C [058,102,421]; 20 mm Hg @ 25 C [055,430]
Vapor density : 2.72 [058,102,430]
FLAMMABILITY(FLASH POINT):
This chemical has a flash point of 20 C (68 F) [036,058,275,371]. It
is flammable. Fires involving this material can be controlled with a dry
chemical, carbon dioxide or Halon extinguisher. The autoignition temperature
is 482 C (900 F) [036,058,102,371].
UEL: 12.4% [036,058,371,430] LEL: 1.8% [036,058,371,430]
REACTIVITY:
This chemical is a weak base [031,099]. It is incompatible with strong
oxidizers and strong acids [058,102,269,346]. It is also incompatible with
acid chlorides and chloroformates [269]. It dissolves inorganic salts [025].
It reacts violently with N2O4 [036,066]. It also reacts violently with chloro-
sulfonic acid, nitric acid, oleum, perchlorates, beta-propiolactone, silver
perchlorate, sulfuric acid, formamide, SO3 and iodine [043]. Maleic anhydride
decomposes exothermically in the presence of this compound. The solid obtained
by reaction with bromine trifluoride ignites when dry. The complex with CrO3
is unstable. It is incandescent on contact with fluorine [036,066]. A highly
explosive by-product is formed when it is used as an acid-acceptor in reactions
involving trifluoromethyl hypofluorite [066]. It will attack some forms of
plastics, rubber and coatings [102].
STABILITY:
This chemical is hygroscopic [025,269]. It slowly darkens on exposure to
light [058]. It is sensitive to heat [058,102,346]. Some decomposition has
been indicated when stored as the bulk chemical for 2 weeks at temperatures up
to 60 C [052]. Solutions of this chemical in water, DMSO, 95% ethanol or
acetone should be stable for 24 hours under normal lab conditions (RAD).
OTHER PHYSICAL DATA:
Specific gravity: 0.97615 @ 25/24 C [052]; 0.982 @ 20/4 C [430]
Density: 0.9780 g/mL @ 25 C [421]
Vapor pressure: 10 mm Hg @ 13.2 C [043]; 26 mm Hg @ 30 C [055]
Vapor pressure: 40 mm Hg @ 38 C; 60 mm Hg @ 46.8 C; 100 mm Hg @ 57.8 C [038]
Unpleasant, burnt, pungent odor [055]
Odor threshold: 0.021 ppm [371]
Burning taste [043,062,430]
Refractive index: 1.5102 @ 20 C [269,275]; 1.5067 @ 25 C [205]
pKa: 5.58 @ 25 [025]
pKb: 8.81 [430]
Steam-volatile [025,031,043]
Forms azeotropic mixture with 3 moles of water (boiling point: 92-93 C) [025]
Solidifies @ -42 C [031]
pH of 0.2 molar solution in water: 8.5 [031]
log P octanol: 0.64/1.04 [055]
Burning rate: 4.3 mm/min. [371]
Critical temperature: 346.8 C [371]
Critical pressure: 55.6 atmospheres [371]
Liquid surface tension: 38.0 dynes/cm [371]
Latent heat of vaporization: 107 cal/g [371]
Heat of combustion: -7992 cal/g [371]
Evaporation rate (butyl acetate=1): ~8 [058]
~100% volatile by volume [058]
Spectroscopy data: Lambda max (in methanol): 263 nm, 257 nm, 251 nm,
241 nm (shoulder) (epsilon = 1720, 2580, 2360, 1750) [052]
TOXICITY
NIOSH REGISTRY NUMBER: UR8400000
TOXICITY:
typ. dose mode specie amount units other
LCLo ihl rat 4000 ppm/4H
LDLo ipr gpg 870 mg/kg
LD50 ipr mus 950 mg/kg
LD50 ipr rat 866 mg/kg
LDLo ipr rbt 15 mg/kg
LD50 ivn dog 880 mg/kg
LD50 ivn mus 420 mg/kg
LD50 ivn rat 360 mg/kg
LDLo orl gpg 4000 mg/kg
LD50 orl mus 1500 mg/kg
LD50 orl rat 891 mg/kg
LDLo par frg 870 mg/kg
LD50 scu mus 1250 mg/kg
LD50 scu rat 866 mg/kg
LDLo scu rbt 800 mg/kg
LD50 skn rbt 1121 mg/kg
LD50 skn gpg 1 gm/kg
AQTX/TLM96: Not available
SAX TOXICITY EVALUATION:
THR: Poison by intraperitoneal route. Moderately toxic by ingestion, skin
contact, intravenous and subcutaneous routes. Mildly toxic by inhala-
tion. A skin and eye irritant. Mutagenic data.
CARCINOGENICITY:
Status: NTP Carcinogenesis Studies; selected, February 1989
MUTATION DATA:
test lowest dose | test lowest dose
----------- ----------------- | ----------- -----------------
mma-sat 6 mmol/L/2H | sln-smc 10900 ppm
TERATOGENICITY: Not available
STANDARDS, REGULATIONS & RECOMMENDATIONS:
OSHA: Federal Register (1/19/89) and 29 CFR 1910.1000 Subpart Z
Transitional Limit: PEL-TWA 5 ppm [610]
Final Limit: PEL-TWA 5 ppm [610]
ACGIH: TLV-TWA 5 ppm [610]
NIOSH Criteria Document: None
NFPA Hazard Rating: Health (H): 2
Flammability (F): 3
Reactivity (R): 0
H2: Materials hazardous to health, but areas may be entered freely with
full-faced mask self-contained breathing apparatus which provides
eye protection (see NFPA for details).
F3: Materials which can be ignited under almost all normal temperature
conditions (see NFPA for details).
R0: Materials which are normally stable even under fire exposure conditions
and which are not reactive with water (see NFPA for details).
OTHER TOXICITY DATA:
Skin and Eye Irritation Data:
skn-rbt 10 mg/24H open MLD
skn-rbt 500 mg/24H MLD
eye-rbt 2 mg open SEV
Review: Toxicology Review
Standards and Regulations: DOT-Hazard: Flammable liquid; Label: Flammable
liquid
DOT-IMO: Flammable liquid; Label: Flammable liquid,
Poison
Status: EPA Genetox Program 1988, Positive/dose response: In vitro SCE-
nonhuman
EPA TSCA Chemical Inventory, 1986
EPA TSCA 8(a) Preliminary Assessment Information, Final Rule
EPA TSCA Test Submission (TSCATS) Data Base, January 1989
NIOSH Analytical Methods: see Pyridine, 1613
OTHER DATA (Regulatory)
PROPER SHIPPING NAME (IATA): Pyridine
UN/ID NUMBER: UN1282
HAZARD CLASS: 3 SUBSIDIARY RISK: 6.1 PACKING GROUP: II
LABELS REQUIRED: Flammable liquid and Poison
PACKAGING: PASSENGER: PKG. INSTR.: 305, Y305 MAXIMUM QUANTITY: 1 L, 1 L
CARGO : PKG. INSTR.: 307 MAXIMUM QUANTITY: 60 L
SPECIAL PROVISIONS: None
USES:
This compound is used as a solvent for anhydrous mineral salts and many
organic and inorganic compounds. It is used as an organic intermediate, in
analytical chemistry, as an intermediate for pesticides production, in phar-
maceuticals, in waterproofing, as a solvent in Karl Fischer reactions for
determination of water, as a denaturant for industrial ethanol, in the manu-
facture of paints, in explosives, in dyestuffs, in rubber, in vitamins, in
sulfa drugs and disinfectants, as a denaturant for antifreeze mixtures, as a
dyeing assistant in textiles and in fungicides.
COMMENTS:
This compound is extracted in quantity from coal tar [025].
HANDLING PROCEDURES
ACUTE/CHRONIC HAZARDS:
This compound is toxic by ingestion, inhalation and skin contact [036,
269,371]. It can be absorbed by the skin [346]. It is an irritant of the
skin, eyes and respiratory tract [036,269,371,451]. Flashback along the vapor
trail may occur [371]. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of
carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and nitrogen oxides [058,102,269]. It may also
emit toxic fumes of cyanides and possibly ammonia [058]. High concentrations
cause narcosis [058,102,346].
MINIMUM PROTECTIVE CLOTHING: Not available
RECOMMENDED GLOVE MATERIALS:
Permeation Test Results For The Neat (Undiluted) Chemical:
The permeation test results for the neat (undiluted) chemical are given
below. The breakthrough times of this chemical are given for each glove type
tested. The table is a presentation of actual test results, not specific
recommendations or suggestions. Avoid glove types which exhibit breakthrough
times of less than the anticipated task time plus an adequate safety factor.
If this chemical makes direct contact with your glove, or if a tear, puncture
or hole develops, replace them at once.
Glove Type Model Number Thickness Breakthrough Time
Viton North F-091 0.38 mm 30 min
Butyl rubber North B-174 0.61 mm 480 min
PVA Edmont 29-250 0.58 mm 30 min
Neoprene Edmont 29-870 0.48 mm 10 min
RECOMMENDED RESPIRATOR:
Where the neat test chemical is weighed and diluted, wear a NIOSH-
approved half face respirator equipped with an organic vapor/acid gas
cartridge (specific for organic vapors, HCl, acid gas and SO2) with a
dust/mist filter.
Splash proof safety goggles should be worn while handling this
chemical. Alternatively, a full face respirator, equipped as above,
may be used to provide simultaneous eye and respiratory protection.
OTHER: Not available
STORAGE PRECAUTIONS:
You should protect this chemical from exposure to light. Keep the
container tightly closed under an inert atmosphere, and store it in an
explosion-proof refrigerator. STORE AWAY FROM SOURCES OF IGNITION.
SPILLS AND LEAKAGE:
If you spill this chemical, FIRST REMOVE ALL SOURCES OF IGNITION. Then,
use absorbent paper to pick up all liquid spill material. Seal the absorbent
paper, as well as any of your clothing which may be contaminated, in a vapor-
tight plastic bag for eventual disposal. Wash any surfaces you may have
contaminated with a soap and water solution. Do not reenter the contaminated
area until the Safety Officer (or other responsible person) has verified that
the area has been properly cleaned.
DISPOSAL AND WASTE TREATMENT: Not available
EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
SKIN CONTACT:
IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating
all contaminated clothing. Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly
with soap and water.
If symptoms such as redness or irritation develop, IMMEDIATELY call a
physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital for treatment.
INHALATION:
IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air.
If symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, or burning in
the mouth, throat, or chest) develop, call a physician and be prepared to
transport the victim to a hospital.
Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown
atmosphere. Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA)
should be used; if not available, use a level of protection greater than or
equal to that advised under Respirator Recommendation.
EYE CONTACT:
First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush
victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while
simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center.
Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without
specific instructions from a physician.
IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if
no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.
INGESTION:
DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. If the victim is conscious and not convulsing,
give 1 or 2 glasses of water to dilute the chemical and IMMEDIATELY call a
hospital or poison control center. Be prepared to transport the victim to a
hospital if advised by a physician.
If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth,
ensure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with
the head lower than the body. DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. IMMEDIATELY transport
the victim to a hospital.
SYMPTOMS:
Symptoms of exposure to this compound may include irritation of the skin,
eyes and respiratory tract, headache and nausea [036,058,102,346]. It can
irritate the nose and throat [371]. It also irritates the mucous membranes
[269,346]. Other symptoms of exposure include giddiness, vomiting, conjunc-
tivitis, dermatitis and central nervous system effects [036]. It can cause
central nervous system depression [031,043,058,151]. It can also cause dizzi-
ness, insomnia, nervousness, anorexia, diarrhea, lower back pain, urinary
frequency and liver and kidney damage [102,346]. Large doses can cause gastro-
intestinal disturbances [031,058,102,269]. Exposure can lead to fatigue, men-
tal depression, hyperpyrexia, delirium, hepatorenal damage and death from pul-
monary edema or membranous tracheobronchitis [151]. It can also lead to
central nervous system damage, abdominal pain or discomfort, weakness and temp-
orary vertigo [102]. Other symptoms of exposure include coughing, chest pains
and difficulty breathing [269]. Skin sensitization and photosensitization have
been reported [346]. Large doses act as a heart poison [036]. Damage to the
corneas and heart have occurred [301]. High concentrations may cause narcosis
[058,102,346]. Eye contact may cause burns. Skin contact may cause smarting
and burns [371]. Mental dullness may occur [430]. Gastrointestinal irritation
and systemic effects of the liver and kidneys may also occur [058].
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