NTP CHEMICAL REPOSITORY (RADIAN CORPORATION, AUGUST 29, 1991)
IDENTIFIERS
CATALOG ID NUMBER: 002352
CAS NUMBER: 110-16-7
BASE CHEMICAL NAME: MALEICACID
PRIMARY NAME: MALEIC ACID
CHEMICAL FORMULA: C4H4O4
STRUCTURAL FORMULA: HOOCCH=CHCOOH
WLN: QV1U1VQ -C
SYNONYMS:
(Z)-BUTENEDIOIC ACID
CIS-BUTENEDIOIC ACID
CIS-1,2-ETHYLENEDICARBOXYLIC ACID
(Z)-1,2-ETHYLENEDICARBOXYLIC ACID
MALEINIC ACID
MALENIC ACID
TOXILIC ACID
(Z)-2-BUTENEDIOIC ACID
CIS-2-BUTENEDIOIC ACID
CIS-ETHYLENE-1,2-DICARBOXYLIC ACID
(Z)-BUT-2-ENE-1,4-DIOIC ACID
CIS-MALEIC ACID
BUTENEDIOIC ACID, (Z)-
1,2-ETHYLENEDICARBOXYLIC ACID, (Z)-
NA 2215
2-BUTENEDIOIC ACID, (Z)-
PHYSICAL CHEMICAL DATA
PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION: LITERATURE: White crystalline powder
REPOSITORY: White powder
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 116.07
SPECIFIC GRAVITY: 1.590 @ 20/4 C [043,055,430]
DENSITY: 1.590 g/mL [033,058,062,275]
MP (DEG C): 130-131 C [051,062]
BP (DEG C): 135 C (decomposes) [043,055,058,430]
SOLUBILITIES:
WATER : >=100 mg/mL @ 19 C (RAD)
DMSO : >=100 mg/mL @ 19 C (RAD)
95% ETHANOL : >=100 mg/mL @ 19 C (RAD)
METHANOL : Not available
ACETONE : >=100 mg/mL @ 19 C (RAD)
TOLUENE : Not available
OTHER SOLVENTS:
Alcohol: Soluble in 2 parts @ 20 C [295,455]
Benzene: Practically insoluble [033,430]
Chloroform: Insoluble [430]
Ether: Soluble in 12 parts @ 20 C [295,455]
Acetic acid: Soluble [016,033]
VOLATILITY:
Vapor pressure: Negligible @ 20 C [058]
Vapor density : 4.0 [043,058]
FLAMMABILITY(FLASH POINT):
Flash point data for this chemical are not available. Literature sources
indicate that it is combustible [043,371]. Fires involving this material can
be controlled with a dry chemical, carbon dioxide or Halon extinguisher. A
water spray may also be used [058,269,371]. Fine dust dispersed in air in
sufficient concentrations, and in the presence of an ignition source, is a
potential dust explosion hazard [058].
UEL: Not available LEL: Not available
REACTIVITY:
This chemical is incompatible with bases, oxidizers and reducing agents
[269]. It is also incompatible with amines and alkali metals [058]. It may
corrode metals when wet [371].
STABILITY:
This chemical decomposes at room temperatures slightly higher than
its melting point [029,033,062,430].
OTHER PHYSICAL DATA:
Repulsive, astringent taste [029,033,051,062]
Faint acidulous odor [033,043,051,058]
pKa1 (in water, at 25 C): 1.03 [029]
pKa2 (in water, at 25 C): 6.27 [029]
log P octanol: -0.79/-0.32 (calculated) [055]
Melting point (from alcohol or benzene): 130-131 C [033]
Sinks and mixes with water [051,371]
Heat of combustion: -2800 cal/g [051,371]
TOXICITY
NIOSH REGISTRY NUMBER: OM9625000
TOXICITY:
typ. dose mode specie amount units other
LD50 orl rat 708 mg/kg
LD50 orl mus 2400 mg/kg
LD50 skn rbt 1560 mg/kg
AQTX/TLM96: Not available
SAX TOXICITY EVALUATION:
THR: Moderately toxic by ingestion and skin contact. A skin and severe
eye irritant. It is believed to be more toxic than its isomer, fumeric
acid.
CARCINOGENICITY: Not available
MUTATION DATA: See RTECS printout for most current data
test lowest dose | test lowest dose
----------- ----------------- | ----------- -----------------
dni-hmn:fbr 20 mmol/L |
TERATOGENICITY: Not available
STANDARDS, REGULATIONS & RECOMMENDATIONS:
OSHA: None
ACGIH: None
NIOSH Criteria Document: None
NFPA Hazard Rating: Health (H): 1
Flammability (F): 2
Reactivity (R): 1
H1: Materials only slightly hazardous to health (see NFPA for details).
F2: Materials which must be moderately heated before ignition will occur
(see NFPA for details).
R1: Materials which are normally stable but which may become unstable at
elevated temperatures and pressures or which may react with water with
some release of energy but not violently (see NFPA for details).
OTHER TOXICITY DATA:
Skin and Eye Irritation Data:
skn-rbt 500 mg/24H MLD
eye-rbt 100 mg SEV
eye-rbt 1%/2M SEV
Standards and Regulations: DOT-Hazard: ORM-A; Label: None
Status: EPA TSCA Chemical Inventory, 1989
EPA TSCA Test Submission (TSCATS) Data Base, April 1990
OTHER DATA (Regulatory)
PROPER SHIPPING NAME (IATA): Other regulated substances
UN/ID NUMBER: ID8027
HAZARD CLASS: 9 SUBSIDIARY RISK: None PACKING GROUP: None
LABELS REQUIRED: Miscellaneous
PACKAGING: PASSENGER: PKG. INSTR.: 906 MAXIMUM QUANTITY: No limit
CARGO : PKG. INSTR.: 906 MAXIMUM QUANTITY: No limit
SPECIAL PROVISIONS: None
USES:
This compound is used in organic synthesis (malic, succinic, aspartic,
tartaric, propionic, lactic, malonic and acrylic acids). It is also used
in dyeing and finishing of cotton, wool and silk, as a preservative for
oils and fats, and in the manufacture of artificial resins. It is used to
prepare maleate salts of antihistamines and similar drugs (such as ergometrine
injection and methylergometrine injection).
COMMENTS: Not available
HANDLING PROCEDURES
ACUTE/CHRONIC HAZARDS:
This compound is toxic by ingestion [058,062,269,371]. It is harmful
by inhalation [058,269]. It is an irritant of the skin, eyes, mucous membranes
and upper respiratory tract [058,269]. It is also corrosive [058,269,275].
When heated to decomposition this compound emits acrid smoke, irritating fumes
and toxic fumes of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide [043,058,269,371].
MINIMUM PROTECTIVE CLOTHING:
If Tyvek protective clothing is not worn during the handling of this
chemical, wear disposable Tyvek sleeves taped to your gloves.
RECOMMENDED GLOVE MATERIALS:
GlovES+ Expert System Glove Types For The Neat (Undiluted) Chemical:
This chemical has not been tested for permeation by Radian Corporation;
however, the GlovES+ expert system was used to extrapolate permeation test
information from compounds in the same chemical class. The GlovES+ system uses
permeation data from literature sources; therefore, extra safety margins should
be used with the estimated protection time(s). If this chemical makes direct
contact with your glove, or if a tear, puncture or hole develops, replace them
at once.
The GlovES+ expert system is a tool that can help people better manage
protection from chemicals, however this tool cannot replace sound judgment nor
make technical decisions. Our GlovES+ expert system is designed to offer
initial advice and assistance in glove selection while the final glove
selection should be made by knowledgeable individuals based on the specific
circumstances involved.
Glove Type Model Number Thickness Estimated Protection Time
Natural rubber Ansell Sterile 832 0.23 mm 120 min
PE/EVAL/PE Safety4 4H 0.07 mm 120 min
RECOMMENDED RESPIRATOR:
Where the neat test chemical is stored, weighed and diluted, wear an
approved half face respirator equipped with an organic vapor/acid gas cartridge
(specific for organic vapors, HCl, acid gas and SO2) with a dust/mist filter.
Splash proof safety goggles should be worn while handling this chemical.
Alternatively, a full face respirator, equipped as above, may be used to pro-
vide simultaneous eye and respiratory protection.
OTHER: Not available
STORAGE PRECAUTIONS:
You should store this material under ambient temperatures.
SPILLS AND LEAKAGE:
If you spill this chemical, you should dampen the solid spill material
with water, then transfer the dampened material to a suitable container. Use
absorbent paper dampened with water to pick up any remaining material. Seal
your contaminated clothing and the absorbent paper in a vapor-tight plastic
bag for eventual disposal. Wash all contaminated surfaces with a soap
and water solution. Do not reenter the contaminated area until the Safety
Officer (or other responsible person) has verified that the area has been
properly cleaned.
DISPOSAL AND WASTE TREATMENT: Not available
EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
SKIN CONTACT:
IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating
all contaminated clothing. Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with
soap and water.
If symptoms such as redness or irritation develop, IMMEDIATELY call a
physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital for treatment.
INHALATION:
IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air.
IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a
hospital even if no symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath,
or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop.
Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown
atmosphere. Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA)
should be used; if not available, use a level of protection greater than or
equal to that advised under Respirator Recommendation.
EYE CONTACT:
First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush
victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while
simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center.
Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without
specific instructions from a physician.
IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if
no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.
INGESTION:
DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. Corrosive chemicals will destroy the membranes
of the mouth, throat, and esophagus and, in addition, have a high risk of being
aspirated into the victim's lungs during vomiting which increases the medical
problems.
If the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give 1 or 2 glasses of
water to dilute the chemical and IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control
center. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital.
If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth,
ensure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with
the head lower than the body. DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. Transport the victim
IMMEDIATELY to a hospital.
SYMPTOMS:
Symptoms of exposure to this compound include irritation of the skin,
eyes, mucous membranes and upper respiratory tract [058,269]. Corrosion
may occur [269,275]. Severe eye effects may also occur [430]. Inhalation
may cause coughing and difficult breathing [051,371]. It may also cause
lung irritation, chest pain and edema which may be fatal [269]. Inhalation
may also cause sore throat, shortness of breath and chest discomfort [058].
Ingestion may cause gastrointestinal disturbances [269]. Ingestion may also
cause corrosion of the mouth and throat (with severe and rapid burning),
abdominal pain, vomiting, burning of the digestive tract, collapse and death.
Eye contact may cause redness, pain and damage (on prolonged contact) [058].
SOURCES
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